In 2024, violations against women in Somalia continue to be a significant human rights issue, exacerbated by ongoing conflict, political instability, and social challenges.
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV): Sexual violence remains pervasive, particularly in conflict-affected areas. Women and girls, especially those internally displaced, are highly vulnerable to rape, gang rape, domestic violence, and female genital mutilation (FGM). The UN reported increased incidents of SGBV, and despite calls for legislative action, the Somali federal parliament has not passed critical bills on sexual offenses and FGM (Human Rights Watch) (Amnesty International). The lack of legal protections and societal stigma further impede justice for survivors (UN News).
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): Overcrowded IDP settlements, where privacy and security are minimal, heighten the risk of gender-based violence. The displacement crisis, driven by conflict, drought, and floods, has left women and children particularly vulnerable. Inadequate shelter and basic services contribute to their precarious living conditions, increasing exposure to physical and sexual assaults (Amnesty International) (Save the Children | Somalia).
Freedom of Expression and Civil Liberties: Women journalists and human rights defenders face harassment, arbitrary arrests, and violence. The restrictive environment limits their ability to report on abuses and advocate for women’s rights safely. For example, Abdalle Ahmed Mumin, a journalist and advocate, faced repeated arrests and intimidation for his work (Human Rights Watch) (Amnesty International).
Government and International Response: International organizations like the UN and Save the Children are urging the Somali government to strengthen institutional capacities to prevent and respond to GBV. They emphasize the need for enhanced legal frameworks, resource allocation, and protective measures for victims and survivors (UN News) (Save the Children | Somalia).
Overall, while there are ongoing efforts to address these issues, significant challenges remain in ensuring the safety and rights of women in Somalia. Continued international support and robust domestic policies are critical for making meaningful progress.